Sphinx Domains

New in version 1.0.

What is a Domain?

最初，Sphinx被设想为单个项目，Python语言的文档。不久之后，它作为一个文档工具可供大家使用，但Python模块的文档仍然深入内置 - 最基本的指令，如函数，是为Python对象设计的。由于Sphinx已经变得有些受欢迎，因此将其用于许多不同的目的开发兴趣：C / C项目，JavaScript或甚至reStructuredText标记（如本文档就是）。

虽然这是始终可行的，但是通过为每个这样的目的提供标记域，现在可以轻松地支持使用不同的编程语言，甚至主要Sphinx分发不支持的项目的文档。

标记域是标记 reStructuredText 指令 s和角色 的集合，以描述和链接到属于一起的对象 s，例如。编程语言的元素。Directive and role names in a domain have names like domain:name, e.g. py:function. Domains can also provide custom indices (like the Python Module Index).

Having domains means that there are no naming problems when one set of documentation wants to refer to e.g. C++ and Python classes. It also means that extensions that support the documentation of whole new languages are much easier to write.

This section describes what the domains that come with Sphinx provide. The domain API is documented as well, in the section Domain API.

基本标记

大多数标记域提供了一些对象描述指令，用于描述模块提供的特定对象。Each directive requires one or more signatures to provide basic information about what is being described, and the content should be the description. The basic version makes entries in the general index; if no index entry is desired, you can give the directive option flag :noindex:. An example using a Python domain directive:

.. py:function:: spam(eggs)
                 ham(eggs)

   Spam or ham the foo.

This describes the two Python functions spam and ham. (Note that when signatures become too long, you can break them if you add a backslash to lines that are continued in the next line. Example:

.. py:function:: filterwarnings(action, message='', category=Warning, \
                                module='', lineno=0, append=False)
   :noindex:

(This example also shows how to use the :noindex: flag.)

The domains also provide roles that link back to these object descriptions. For example, to link to one of the functions described in the example above, you could say

The function :py:func:`spam` does a similar thing.

As you can see, both directive and role names contain the domain name and the directive name.

Default Domain

为了避免必须一直写你的标记域名。只能描述Python对象，可以使用配置值primary_domain或此指令来选择默认标记域：

.. default-domain:: name

Select a new default domain. While the primary_domain selects a global default, this only has an effect within the same file.

If no other default is selected, the Python domain (named py) is the default one, mostly for compatibility with documentation written for older versions of Sphinx.

Directives and roles that belong to the default domain can be mentioned without giving the domain name, i.e.

.. function:: pyfunc()

   Describes a Python function.

Reference to :func:`pyfunc`.

Cross-referencing syntax

For cross-reference roles provided by domains, the same facilities exist as for general cross-references. See Cross-referencing syntax.

In short:

• You may supply an explicit title and reference target: :role:`title <target>` will refer to target, but the link text will be title.
• If you prefix the content with !, no reference/hyperlink will be created.
• If you prefix the content with ~, the link text will only be the last component of the target. For example, :py:meth:`~Queue.Queue.get` will refer to Queue.Queue.get but only display get as the link text.

The Python Domain

The Python domain (name py) provides the following directives for module declarations:

.. py:module:: name

This directive marks the beginning of the description of a module (or package submodule, in which case the name should be fully qualified, including the package name). It does not create content (like e.g. py:class does).

This directive will also cause an entry in the global module index.

The platform option, if present, is a comma-separated list of the platforms on which the module is available (if it is available on all platforms, the option should be omitted). The keys are short identifiers; examples that are in use include “IRIX”, “Mac”, “Windows”, and “Unix”. It is important to use a key which has already been used when applicable.

The synopsis option should consist of one sentence describing the module’s purpose – it is currently only used in the Global Module Index.

The deprecated option can be given (with no value) to mark a module as deprecated; it will be designated as such in various locations then.

.. py:currentmodule:: name

This directive tells Sphinx that the classes, functions etc. documented from here are in the given module (like py:module), but it will not create index entries, an entry in the Global Module Index, or a link target for py:mod. This is helpful in situations where documentation for things in a module is spread over multiple files or sections – one location has the py:module directive, the others only py:currentmodule.

The following directives are provided for module and class contents:

.. py:function:: name(parameters)

Describes a module-level function. The signature should include the parameters as given in the Python function definition, see Python Signatures. For example:

.. py:function:: Timer.repeat(repeat=3, number=1000000)

For methods you should use py:method.

The description normally includes information about the parameters required and how they are used (especially whether mutable objects passed as parameters are modified), side effects, and possible exceptions.

This information can (in any py directive) optionally be given in a structured form, see Info field lists.

.. py:data:: name

Describes global data in a module, including both variables and values used as “defined constants.” Class and object attributes are not documented using this environment.

.. py:exception:: name

Describes an exception class. The signature can, but need not include parentheses with constructor arguments.

.. py:class:: name

.. py:class:: name(parameters)

Describes a class. The signature can optionally include parentheses with parameters which will be shown as the constructor arguments. See also Python Signatures.

Methods and attributes belonging to the class should be placed in this directive’s body. If they are placed outside, the supplied name should contain the class name so that cross-references still work. Example:

.. py:class:: Foo

   .. py:method:: quux()

-- or --

.. py:class:: Bar

.. py:method:: Bar.quux()

The first way is the preferred one.

.. py:attribute:: name

Describes an object data attribute. The description should include information about the type of the data to be expected and whether it may be changed directly.

.. py:method:: name(parameters)

Describes an object method. The parameters should not include the self parameter. The description should include similar information to that described for function. See also Python Signatures and Info field lists.

.. py:staticmethod:: name(parameters)

Like py:method, but indicates that the method is a static method.

New in version 0.4.

.. py:classmethod:: name(parameters)

Like py:method, but indicates that the method is a class method.

New in version 0.6.

.. py:decorator:: name

.. py:decorator:: name(parameters)

Describes a decorator function. The signature should represent the usage as a decorator. For example, given the functions

def removename(func):
    func.__name__ = ''
    return func

def setnewname(name):
    def decorator(func):
        func.__name__ = name
        return func
    return decorator

the descriptions should look like this:

.. py:decorator:: removename

   Remove name of the decorated function.

.. py:decorator:: setnewname(name)

   Set name of the decorated function to *name*.

(as opposed to .. py:decorator:: removename(func).)

There is no py:deco role to link to a decorator that is marked up with this directive; rather, use the py:func role.

.. py:decoratormethod:: name

.. py:decoratormethod:: name(signature)

Same as py:decorator, but for decorators that are methods.

Refer to a decorator method using the py:meth role.

Python Signatures

Signatures of functions, methods and class constructors can be given like they would be written in Python.

Default values for optional arguments can be given (but if they contain commas, they will confuse the signature parser). Python 3-style argument annotations can also be given as well as return type annotations:

.. py:function:: compile(source : string, filename, symbol='file') -> ast object

For functions with optional parameters that don’t have default values (typically functions implemented in C extension modules without keyword argument support), you can use brackets to specify the optional parts:

compile(source[, filename[, symbol]])

It is customary to put the opening bracket before the comma.

Info field lists

New in version 0.4.

Inside Python object description directives, reST field lists with these fields are recognized and formatted nicely:

• param, parameter, arg, argument, key, keyword: Description of a parameter.
• type: Type of a parameter. Creates a link if possible.
• raises, raise, except, exception: That (and when) a specific exception is raised.
• var, ivar, cvar: Description of a variable.
• vartype: Type of a variable. Creates a link if possible.
• returns, return: Description of the return value.
• rtype: Return type. Creates a link if possible.

The field names must consist of one of these keywords and an argument (except for returns and rtype, which do not need an argument). This is best explained by an example:

.. py:function:: send_message(sender, recipient, message_body, [priority=1])

   Send a message to a recipient

   :param str sender: The person sending the message
   :param str recipient: The recipient of the message
   :param str message_body: The body of the message
   :param priority: The priority of the message, can be a number 1-5
   :type priority: integer or None
   :return: the message id
   :rtype: int
   :raises ValueError: if the message_body exceeds 160 characters
   :raises TypeError: if the message_body is not a basestring

This will render like this:

send_message(sender, recipient, message_body[, priority=1])

Send a message to a recipient

Parameters:

• sender (str) – The person sending the message
• recipient (str) – The recipient of the message
• message_body (str) – The body of the message
• priority (integer or None) – The priority of the message, can be a number 1-5

Returns:

the message id

Return type:

int

Raises:

• ValueError – if the message_body exceeds 160 characters
• TypeError – if the message_body is not a basestring

It is also possible to combine parameter type and description, if the type is a single word, like this:

:param int priority: The priority of the message, can be a number 1-5

New in version 1.5.

Container types such as lists and dictionaries can be linked automatically using the following syntax:

:type priorities: list(int)
:type priorities: list[int]
:type mapping: dict(str, int)
:type mapping: dict[str, int]
:type point: tuple(float, float)
:type point: tuple[float, float]

Multiple types in a type field will be linked automatically if separated by the word “or”:

:type an_arg: int or None
:vartype a_var: str or int
:rtype: float or str

Cross-referencing Python objects

The following roles refer to objects in modules and are possibly hyperlinked if a matching identifier is found:

:py:mod:

Reference a module; a dotted name may be used. This should also be used for package names.

:py:func:

Reference a Python function; dotted names may be used. The role text needs not include trailing parentheses to enhance readability; they will be added automatically by Sphinx if the add_function_parentheses config value is True (the default).

:py:data:

Reference a module-level variable.

:py:const:

Reference a “defined” constant. This may be a Python variable that is not intended to be changed.

:py:class:

Reference a class; a dotted name may be used.

:py:meth:

Reference a method of an object. The role text can include the type name and the method name; if it occurs within the description of a type, the type name can be omitted. A dotted name may be used.

:py:attr:

Reference a data attribute of an object.

:py:exc:

Reference an exception. A dotted name may be used.

:py:obj:

Reference an object of unspecified type. Useful e.g. as the default_role.

New in version 0.4.

The name enclosed in this markup can include a module name and/or a class name. For example, :py:func:`filter` could refer to a function named filter in the current module, or the built-in function of that name. In contrast, :py:func:`foo.filter` clearly refers to the filter function in the foo module.

Normally, names in these roles are searched first without any further qualification, then with the current module name prepended, then with the current module and class name (if any) prepended. If you prefix the name with a dot, this order is reversed. For example, in the documentation of Python’s codecs module, :py:func:`open` always refers to the built-in function, while :py:func:`.open` refers to codecs.open().

A similar heuristic is used to determine whether the name is an attribute of the currently documented class.

Also, if the name is prefixed with a dot, and no exact match is found, the target is taken as a suffix and all object names with that suffix are searched. For example, :py:meth:`.TarFile.close` references the tarfile.TarFile.close() function, even if the current module is not tarfile. Since this can get ambiguous, if there is more than one possible match, you will get a warning from Sphinx.

Note that you can combine the ~ and . prefixes: :py:meth:`~.TarFile.close` will reference the tarfile.TarFile.close() method, but the visible link caption will only be close().

The C Domain

The C domain (name c) is suited for documentation of C API.

.. c:function:: type name(signature)

Describes a C function. The signature should be given as in C, e.g.:

.. c:function:: PyObject* PyType_GenericAlloc(PyTypeObject *type, Py_ssize_t nitems)

This is also used to describe function-like preprocessor macros. The names of the arguments should be given so they may be used in the description.

Note that you don’t have to backslash-escape asterisks in the signature, as it is not parsed by the reST inliner.

.. c:member:: type name

Describes a C struct member. Example signature:

.. c:member:: PyObject* PyTypeObject.tp_bases

The text of the description should include the range of values allowed, how the value should be interpreted, and whether the value can be changed. References to structure members in text should use the member role.

.. c:macro:: name

Describes a “simple” C macro. Simple macros are macros which are used for code expansion, but which do not take arguments so cannot be described as functions. This is a simple C-language #define. Examples of its use in the Python documentation include PyObject_HEAD and Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS.

.. c:type:: name

Describes a C type (whether defined by a typedef or struct). The signature should just be the type name.

.. c:var:: type name

Describes a global C variable. The signature should include the type, such as:

.. c:var:: PyObject* PyClass_Type

Cross-referencing C constructs

The following roles create cross-references to C-language constructs if they are defined in the documentation:

:c:data:

Reference a C-language variable.

:c:func:

Reference a C-language function. Should include trailing parentheses.

:c:macro:

Reference a “simple” C macro, as defined above.

:c:type:

Reference a C-language type.

The C++ Domain

The C++ domain (name cpp) supports documenting C++ projects.

The following directives are available. All declarations can start with a visibility statement (public, private or protected).

.. cpp:class:: class specifier

Describe a class/struct, possibly with specification of inheritance, e.g.,:

.. cpp:class:: MyClass : public MyBase, MyOtherBase

The class can be directly declared inside a nested scope, e.g.,:

.. cpp:class:: OuterScope::MyClass : public MyBase, MyOtherBase

A template class can be declared:

.. cpp:class:: template<typename T, std::size_t N> std::array

or with a line break:

.. cpp:class:: template<typename T, std::size_t N> \
               std::array

Full and partial template specialisations can be declared:

.. cpp:class:: template<> \
                std::array<bool, 256>

.. cpp:class:: template<typename T> \
                std::array<T, 42>

.. cpp:function:: (member) function prototype

Describe a function or member function, e.g.,:

.. cpp:function:: bool myMethod(int arg1, std::string arg2)

   A function with parameters and types.

.. cpp:function:: bool myMethod(int, double)

   A function with unnamed parameters.

.. cpp:function:: const T &MyClass::operator[](std::size_t i) const

   An overload for the indexing operator.

.. cpp:function:: operator bool() const

   A casting operator.

.. cpp:function:: constexpr void foo(std::string &bar[2]) noexcept

   A constexpr function.

.. cpp:function:: MyClass::MyClass(const MyClass&) = default

   A copy constructor with default implementation.

Function templates can also be described:

.. cpp:function:: template<typename U> \
                  void print(U &&u)

and function template specialisations:

.. cpp:function:: template<> \
                  void print(int i)

.. cpp:member:: (member) variable declaration

.. cpp:var:: (member) variable declaration

Describe a variable or member variable, e.g.,:

.. cpp:member:: std::string MyClass::myMember

.. cpp:var:: std::string MyClass::myOtherMember[N][M]

.. cpp:member:: int a = 42

Variable templates can also be described:

.. cpp:member:: template<class T> \
                constexpr T pi = T(3.1415926535897932385)

.. cpp:type:: typedef declaration

.. cpp:type:: name

.. cpp:type:: type alias declaration

Describe a type as in a typedef declaration, a type alias declaration, or simply the name of a type with unspecified type, e.g.,:

.. cpp:type:: std::vector<int> MyList

   A typedef-like declaration of a type.

.. cpp:type:: MyContainer::const_iterator

   Declaration of a type alias with unspecified type.

.. cpp:type:: MyType = std::unordered_map<int, std::string>

   Declaration of a type alias.

A type alias can also be templated:

.. cpp:type:: template<typename T> \
              MyContainer = std::vector<T>

The example are rendered as follows.

typedef std::vector MyList

A typedef-like declaration of a type.

type MyContainer::const_iterator

Declaration of a type alias with unspecified type.

using MyType = std::unordered_map

Declaration of a type alias.

templateT>
using MyContainer = std::vector<T>

.. cpp:enum:: unscoped enum declaration

.. cpp:enum-struct:: scoped enum declaration

.. cpp:enum-class:: scoped enum declaration

Describe a (scoped) enum, possibly with the underlying type specified. Any enumerators declared inside an unscoped enum will be declared both in the enum scope and in the parent scope. Examples:

.. cpp:enum:: MyEnum

   An unscoped enum.

.. cpp:enum:: MySpecificEnum : long

   An unscoped enum with specified underlying type.

.. cpp:enum-class:: MyScopedEnum

   A scoped enum.

.. cpp:enum-struct:: protected MyScopedVisibilityEnum : std::underlying_type<MySpecificEnum>::type

   A scoped enum with non-default visibility, and with a specified underlying type.

.. cpp:enumerator:: name

.. cpp:enumerator:: name = constant

Describe an enumerator, optionally with its value defined, e.g.,:

.. cpp:enumerator:: MyEnum::myEnumerator

.. cpp:enumerator:: MyEnum::myOtherEnumerator = 42

.. cpp:concept:: template-parameter-list name

.. cpp:concept:: template-parameter-list name()

Warning

The support for concepts is experimental. It is based on the Concepts Technical Specification, and the features may change as the TS evolves.

Describe a variable concept or a function concept. Both must have exactly 1 template parameter list. The name may be a nested name. Examples:

.. cpp:concept:: template<typename It> std::Iterator

   Proxy to an element of a notional sequence that can be compared,
   indirected, or incremented.

.. cpp:concept:: template<typename Cont> std::Container()

   Holder of elements, to which it can provide access via
   :cpp:concept:`Iterator` s.

They will render as follows:

templateIt>
concept bool std::Iterator

Proxy to an element of a notional sequence that can be compared, indirected, or incremented.

templateCont>
concept bool std::Container()

Holder of elements, to which it can provide access via Iterator s.

Constrained Templates

Warning

The support for constrained templates is experimental. It is based on the Concepts Technical Specification, and the features may change as the TS evolves.

Note

Sphinx does not currently support requires clauses.

Placeholders

Declarations may use the name of a concept to introduce constrained template parameters, or the keyword auto to introduce unconstrained template parameters:

.. cpp:function:: void f(auto &&arg)

   A function template with a single unconstrained template parameter.

.. cpp:function:: void f(std::Iterator it)

   A function template with a single template parameter, constrained by the
   Iterator concept.

Template Introductions

Simple constrained function or class templates can be declared with a template introduction instead of a template parameter list:

.. cpp:function:: std::Iterator{It} void advance(It &it)

    A function template with a template parameter constrained to be an Iterator.

.. cpp:class:: std::LessThanComparable{T} MySortedContainer

    A class template with a template parameter constrained to be LessThanComparable.

They are rendered as follows.

std::Iterator{It}
void advance(It &it)

A function template with a template parameter constrained to be an Iterator.

std::LessThanComparable{T}
class MySortedContainer

A class template with a template parameter constrained to be LessThanComparable.

Note however that no checking is performed with respect to parameter compatibility. E.g., Iterator{A, B, C} will be accepted as an introduction even though it would not be valid C++.

Namespacing

Declarations in the C++ domain are as default placed in global scope. The current scope can be changed using three namespace directives. They manage a stack declarations where cpp:namespace resets the stack and changes a given scope. The cpp:namespace-push directive changes the scope to a given inner scope of the current one. The cpp:namespace-pop directive undos the most recent cpp:namespace-push directive.

.. cpp:namespace:: scope specification

Changes the current scope for the subsequent objects to the given scope, and resets the namespace directive stack. Note that the namespace does not need to correspond to C++ namespaces, but can end in names of classes, e.g.,:

.. cpp:namespace:: Namespace1::Namespace2::SomeClass::AnInnerClass

All subsequent objects will be defined as if their name were declared with the scope prepended. The subsequent cross-references will be searched for starting in the current scope.

Using NULL, 0, or nullptr as the scope will change to global scope.

A namespace declaration can also be templated, e.g.,:

.. cpp:class:: template<typename T> \
               std::vector

.. cpp:namespace:: template<typename T> std::vector

.. cpp:function:: std::size_t size() const

declares size as a member function of the template class std::vector. Equivalently this could have been declared using:

.. cpp:class:: template<typename T> \
               std::vector

   .. cpp:function:: std::size_t size() const

or::

.. cpp:class:: template<typename T> \
               std::vector

.. cpp:namespace-push:: scope specification

Change the scope relatively to the current scope. For example, after:

.. cpp:namespace:: A::B

.. cpp:namespace-push:: C::D

the current scope will be A::B::C::D.

.. cpp:namespace-pop::

Undo the previous cpp:namespace-push directive (not just pop a scope). For example, after:

.. cpp:namespace:: A::B

.. cpp:namespace-push:: C::D

.. cpp:namespace-pop::

the current scope will be A::B (not A::B::C).

If no previous cpp:namespace-push directive has been used, but only a cpp:namespace directive, then the current scope will be reset to global scope. That is, .. cpp:namespace:: A::B is equivalent to:

.. cpp:namespace:: nullptr

.. cpp:namespace-push:: A::B

Info field lists

The C++ directives support the following info fields (see also Info field lists):

• param, parameter, arg, argument: Description of a parameter.
• tparam: Description of a template parameter.
• returns, return: Description of a return value.
• throws, throw, exception: Description of a possibly thrown exception.

Cross-referencing

These roles link to the given declaration types:

:cpp:any:

:cpp:class:

:cpp:func:

:cpp:member:

:cpp:var:

:cpp:type:

:cpp:concept:

:cpp:enum:

:cpp:enumerator:

Reference a C++ declaration by name (see below for details). The name must be properly qualified relative to the position of the link.

Note on References with Templates Parameters/Arguments

Sphinx’s syntax to give references a custom title can interfere with linking to template classes, if nothing follows the closing angle bracket, i.e. if the link looks like this: :cpp:class:`MyClass<int>`. This is interpreted as a link to int with a title of MyClass. In this case, please escape the opening angle bracket with a backslash, like this: :cpp:class:`MyClass\<int>`.

Note on References to Overloaded Functions

It is currently impossible to link to a specific version of an overloaded method. Currently the C++ domain is the first domain that has basic support for overloaded methods and until there is more data for comparison we don’t want to select a bad syntax to reference a specific overload. Currently Sphinx will link to the first overloaded version of the method / function.

Declarations without template parameters and template arguments

For linking to non-templated declarations the name must be a nested name, e.g., f or MyClass::f.

Templated declarations

Assume the following declarations.

class Wrapper

templateTOuter>
class Outer

templateTInner>
class Inner

In general the reference must include the template paraemter declarations, e.g., template\<typename TOuter> Wrapper::Outer (template<typename TOuter> Wrapper::Outer). Currently the lookup only succeed if the template parameter identifiers are equal strings. That is, template\<typename UOuter> Wrapper::Outer will not work.

The inner template class can not be directly referenced, unless the current namespace is changed or the following shorthand is used. If a template parameter list is omitted, then the lookup will assume either a template or a non-template, but not a partial template specialisation. This means the following references work.

• Wrapper::Outer (Wrapper::Outer)
• Wrapper::Outer::Inner (Wrapper::Outer::Inner)
• template\<typename TInner> Wrapper::Outer::Inner (template<typename TInner> Wrapper::Outer::Inner)

(Full) Template Specialisations

Assume the following declarations.

templateTOuter>
class Outer

templateTInner>
class Inner

template<>
class Outer

templateTInner>
class Inner

template<>
class Inner

In general the reference must include a template parameter list for each template argument list. The full specialisation above can therefore be referenced with template\<> Outer\<int> (template<> Outer<int>) and template\<> template\<> Outer\<int>::Inner\<bool> (template<> template<> Outer<int>::Inner<bool>). As a shorthand the empty template parameter list can be omitted, e.g., Outer\<int> (Outer<int>) and Outer\<int>::Inner\<bool> (Outer<int>::Inner<bool>).

Partial Template Specialisations

Assume the following declaration.

templateT>
class Outer<T *>

References to partial specialisations must always include the template parameter lists, e.g., template\<typename T> Outer\<T*> (template<typename T> Outer<T*>). Currently the lookup only succeed if the template parameter identifiers are equal strings.

Configuration Variables

See Options for the C++ domain.

The Standard Domain

The so-called “standard” domain collects all markup that doesn’t warrant a domain of its own. Its directives and roles are not prefixed with a domain name.

The standard domain is also where custom object descriptions, added using the add_object_type() API, are placed.

There is a set of directives allowing documenting command-line programs:

.. option:: name args, name args, ...

Describes a command line argument or switch. Option argument names should be enclosed in angle brackets. Examples:

.. option:: dest_dir

   Destination directory.

.. option:: -m <module>, --module <module>

   Run a module as a script.

The directive will create cross-reference targets for the given options, referencable by option (in the example case, you’d use something like :option:`dest_dir`, :option:`-m`, or :option:`--module`).

cmdoption directive is a deprecated alias for the option directive.

.. envvar:: name

Describes an environment variable that the documented code or program uses or defines. Referencable by envvar.

.. program:: name

Like py:currentmodule, this directive produces no output. Instead, it serves to notify Sphinx that all following option directives document options for the program called name.

If you use program, you have to qualify the references in your option roles by the program name, so if you have the following situation

.. program:: rm

.. option:: -r

   Work recursively.

.. program:: svn

.. option:: -r revision

   Specify the revision to work upon.

then :option:`rm -r` would refer to the first option, while :option:`svn -r` would refer to the second one.

The program name may contain spaces (in case you want to document subcommands like svn add and svn commit separately).

New in version 0.5.

There is also a very generic object description directive, which is not tied to any domain:

.. describe:: text

.. object:: text

This directive produces the same formatting as the specific ones provided by domains, but does not create index entries or cross-referencing targets. Example:

.. describe:: PAPER

   You can set this variable to select a paper size.

The JavaScript Domain

The JavaScript domain (name js) provides the following directives:

.. js:function:: name(signature)

Describes a JavaScript function or method. If you want to describe arguments as optional use square brackets as documented for Python signatures.

You can use fields to give more details about arguments and their expected types, errors which may be thrown by the function, and the value being returned:

.. js:function:: $.getJSON(href, callback[, errback])

   :param string href: An URI to the location of the resource.
   :param callback: Gets called with the object.
   :param errback:
       Gets called in case the request fails. And a lot of other
       text so we need multiple lines.
   :throws SomeError: For whatever reason in that case.
   :returns: Something.

This is rendered as:

$.getJSON(href, callback[, errback])

Arguments:

• href (string) – An URI to the location of the resource.
• callback – Gets called with the object.
• errback – Gets called in case the request fails. And a lot of other text so we need multiple lines.

Throws:

SomeError – For whatever reason in that case.

Returns:

Something.

.. js:class:: name

Describes a constructor that creates an object. This is basically like a function but will show up with a class prefix:

.. js:class:: MyAnimal(name[, age])

   :param string name: The name of the animal
   :param number age: an optional age for the animal

This is rendered as:

class MyAnimal(name[, age])

Arguments:

• name (string) – The name of the animal
• age (number) – an optional age for the animal

.. js:data:: name

Describes a global variable or constant.

.. js:attribute:: object.name

Describes the attribute name of object.

These roles are provided to refer to the described objects:

:js:func:

:js:class:

:js:data:

:js:attr:

The reStructuredText domain

The reStructuredText domain (name rst) provides the following directives:

.. rst:directive:: name

Describes a reST directive. The name can be a single directive name or actual directive syntax (.. prefix and :: suffix) with arguments that will be rendered differently. For example:

.. rst:directive:: foo

   Foo description.

.. rst:directive:: .. bar:: baz

   Bar description.

will be rendered as:

.. foo::

Foo description.

.. bar:: baz

Bar description.

.. rst:role:: name

Describes a reST role. For example:

.. rst:role:: foo

   Foo description.

will be rendered as:

:foo:

Foo description.

These roles are provided to refer to the described objects:

:rst:dir:

:rst:role:

More domains

The sphinx-contrib repository contains more domains available as extensions; currently Ada, CoffeeScript, Erlang, HTTP, Lasso, MATLAB, PHP, and Ruby domains. Also available are domains for Chapel, Common Lisp, dqn, Go, Jinja, Operation, and Scala.